miércoles, 24 de septiembre de 2014

Investigating Host-Microbiota Symbiosis






A Systems Approach to the Modern Microbiome World:

Investigating Host-Microbiota Symbiosis


Microorganisms living in or on the body of a healthy human adult outnumber human cells by 10 to one. A large number of the 100 trillion microbes that compose the majority of life on Earth have coevolved a close relationship with the mammalian immune system. Therefore, by solely limiting research to either the host or bacteria, only half of the information required in microbiome studies is being seen. The symbiotic relationship of the host and resident microbiota must remain in delicate harmony to maintain a healthy body. Disruption of the microbial community can lead to an imbalance in homeostasis of the immune cells including Th17, T regulatory, and innate lymphoid cells, which can influence susceptibility of the host to a variety of health disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, diabetes, and ulcerative colitis, among others. As the number of microbiome studies grow, it is becoming increasingly clear that the host and microbiota do not operate alone. To understand the complete story, the interaction between the host and bacterial systems needs to be considered through a more holistic, systematic approach. This just such an approach, examining the problem from the perspective of both the host and microbiome.

Science


Moléculas de millones de años podrían revelar el secreto de la vida
El Instituto Tecnológico de Georgia (Georgia Institute of Technology, GIT) ha publicado un nuevo estudio que le permite revelar claves del origen de la vida gracias a su investigación de la evolución de los ribosomas. Según los datos del estudio, la evolución de los ribosomas, unas moléculas de 4.000 millones de años, puede explicar cómo las primeras moléculas de la vida en la Tierra primitiva formaron los precursores de las proteínas modernas y el ARN.
Los investigadores indican que el núcleo del ribosoma es esencialmente el mismo en todos los seres vivos, pero su capa exterior se expande a medida que el organismo evoluciona y se hace más complejo. Mediante la descamación digital de las capas de ribosomas modernos los expertos lograron modelar la estructura de los ribosomas primordiales.
“La historia de los ribosomas nos habla del origen de la vida”, dice Loren Williams, profesor de la Facultad de Química y Bioquímica del GIT. “En su esencia, el ribosoma es el mismo en todas partes. El ribosoma es la biología universal”.

Efekto Noticias/@EfektoNoticias

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